Issues in Criminal Justice Most of the national focus on criminal justice is on the federal criminal justice system. However, an overwhelming majority of all offenders are arrested, convicted and incarcerated at the state or local levels. As such, understanding the reality of criminal justice policies and practices at your local level are immediately more pertinent than understanding those at the federal level. Furthermore, the challenges at the local level are usually more consequential and impactful to the communities they serve. Imagine you are a consultant who was hired to research, analyze, and present a report to the police chief and mayor of a major U.S. city of your choice. Your presentation must identify the city you selected and two contemporary criminal justice policies or procedures that are challenging that city. For each policy or procedure, provide evidence-based solutions to each, including a visual representation of quantitative data relevant to each. Some examples of policies and procedures you might select include sanctuary cities and immigration enforcement, police body cameras, anti-terrorism, public shooters, response to civil unrest, criminal prosecution of police officers, or a different topic approved by your Instructor. The Assignment: Using the Walden Writing Center Course Paper Template,(Masters Degree level) in 4?5 pages, your report should include: A brief (no more than 1 paragraph) introduction of two contemporary criminal justice policies or procedures that are challenging that city. Be sure to indicate the city. An explanation of why the policies or procedures are challenging the city, referencing 2–3 credible resources. A proposed evidence-based solution for each policy or practice that is challenging the city (each solution should be at least 1 page each). A visual representation of quantitative data relevant to each solution, to demonstrate its prior success. Learning Resources Andresen, M. A. (2012). International immigration, internal migration, and homicide in Canadian provinces. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 54(5), 632–657. Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases. Burscher, B., van Spanje, J. de Vreese, C. H. (2015). Owning the issues of crime and immigration: The relation between immigration and crime news and anti-immigrant voting in 11 countries. Electoral Studies, 38, 59–69. Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases. Edelman, G. (2017, January/February). All criminal justice reform is local. Retrieved from https://washingtonmonthly.com/magazine/januaryfebruary-2017/all-criminal-justice-reform-is-local/ Garduque, L. (2017, February 1). Local fixes key to criminal justice reform. USA Today. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/policing/2017/02/01/criminal-justice-reform-jails-incarceration-policing-the-usa/97251208/ International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP). (n.d.). Law Enforcement Code of ethics. Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://www.theiacp.org/resources/law-enforcement-code-of-ethics International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP). (n.d.). Oath of honor. Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://www.theiacp.org/resources/the-oath-of-honor Book Excerpt Controversial Topics Mallicoat, S. L. (2016). Crime and criminal justice: Concepts and controversies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. “Current Controversy 8.1: Should Police Agencies Require Officers to Wear Body Cameras?” (pp. 196–198) Mallicoat, S. L. (2016). Crime and criminal justice: Concepts and controversies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. “Current Controversy 8.2: Does Police Discretion Help or Harm Our Criminal Justice System?” (pp. 198–200) Mallicoat, S. L. (2016). Crime and criminal justice: Concepts and controversies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. “Current Controversy 14.2: Does Immigration Impact Crime?” (pp. 375–376) Crime and Criminal Justice: Concepts and Controversies, 1st Edition by Mallicoat, S. L. Copyright 2016 by Sage College. Reprinted by permission of Sage College via the Copyright Clearance Center. City of Berkeley. (n.d.). Response to civil unrest: A review of Berkeley Police Department’s actions and events on December 6 and 7, 2014. Retrieved March 26, 2018, from https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Response-To-Civil-Unrest/lessons-learned.html Jacobs, B., & Lyons, C. (2017, June 3). Police policies guide offers’ choices in chasing suspects. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/post-tribune/news/ct-ptb-police-pursuit-policies-st-0604-20170602-story.html Police Executive Research Forum. (2014). Critical issues in policing series: The police response to active shooter incidents. Retrieved from http://www.policeforum.org/assets/docs/Critical_Issues_Series/the%20police%20response%20to%20active%20shooter%20incidents%202014.pdf Police Executive Research Forum. (2015). Gun violence: Regional problems, partnerships, and solutions. Retrieved from http://www.policeforum.org/assets/gunpolicyreport2015.pdf Police Executive Research Forum. (2015). Lessons learned from the 2015 civil unrest in Baltimore. Retrieved from http://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/2514212/independent-report-on-baltimore-police-response.pdf Queally, J. (2017, April 12). Police departments say they don’t enforce immigration laws. But their manuals say something different. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-california-police-immigration-enforcement-20170412-story.html Media Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Prosecutors face challenges convicting police offers involved in shootings [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. ©2017 National Public Radio, Inc. News report “Prosecutors Face Challenges Convicting Police Officers Involved In Shootings” as originally broadcast on NPR’s All Things Considered on June 29, 2017, and is used with the permission of NPR. Any unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 4 minutes. Accessible player DukeSanfordSchool. (2016, June 17). Using community policing strategies to prevent violent extremism [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/ccwTHD8Rd_I Note: This media is approximately 13 minutes. If you prefer, you may access the report here: https://sites.duke.edu/tcths/files/2013/06/2015-full-report-FINAL1.pdf